Common Themes in Orwell, Lessing, Nehru and Chamberlain’s Texts Essay

The texts by Orwell, Lessing, Nehru and Chamberlain each present clear arguments about colonialism, arguments that are delivered powerfully by the various techniques employed by each author. Taken collectively, the texts show that colonialism causes poverty and backwardness in the colonized country or countries, and that it brings about various pressures on the colonizer. In all these texts, the era of colonialism is depicted as a period wherein it is the colonizer that is the subject, acting on the colonized – an object that resists understanding and has a mind of its own. Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell. The argument put forward in this short story is clear. In the beginning of the story, he already knows that â€Å"imperialism was an evil thing. † In the course of the story, however, this realization becomes more precise: â€Å"[W]hen the white man turns tyrant it is his own freedom that he destroys†¦ For it is the condition of his rule that he shall spend his life in trying to impress the ‘natives,’ and so in every crisis he has got to do what the ‘natives’ expect of him. This argument is delivered quite consistently, culminating in Orwell’s act of actually shooting the elephant. The argument is delivered powerfully because the story is about an actual situation in which the argument is demonstrated in the concrete. â€Å"No Witchcraft for Sale† by Doris Lessing. The argument made by Lessing in this story is also clear. In the first parts, this argument was made: â€Å"No one can live in Africa†¦ ithout learning very soon that there is an ancient wisdom of leaf and soil and season – and, too, perhaps the most important of all, of the darker tracts of the human mind – which is the black man’s heritage. † In a succeeding paragraph, this argument was made: â€Å"[W]hile all of them knew t hat in the bush of Africa are waiting valuable drugs locked in bark, in simple-looking leaves, in roots, it was always impossible to ever get the truth about them from the natives themselves. The argument is made consistently. While Gideon did give some plant to the scientist, it is revealed in the end that â€Å"the truth† about the healing leaves was not communicated. The argument is delivered powerfully because we are shown a clear example of healing, and then we are shown a story of a Western scientist who failed to understand this healing. â€Å"The Noble Mansion of Free India† by Jawaharlal Nehru. The argument made in this speech is clear, consistently asserted throughout the speech. Nehru draws a portrait of a country that has suffered for such a long time, a country that has succeeded and got an opportunity to move out of that suffering, and a country that is eager to succeed in moving out of that suffering. He declares: â€Å"We rejoice in that freedom, even though clouds surround us, and many of our people are sorrow-stricken and difficult problems encompass us. But freedom brings responsibilities and burdens and we have to face them in the spirit of a free and disciplined people. † The argument is delivered powerfully because the speech is quite consistent on the points it makes. I Believe in a British Empire† by Joseph Chamberlain. The argument made in this speech is also clear, supported by minor arguments made by the author. Chamberlain argues his case by eliminating other options, choosing what best suits the interest of â€Å"a British Empire† he believes in: â€Å"I believe in a British Empire, in an Empire which, though it should be its first duty to cultivate friendship with all the nations of the world, should yet, even if alone, be self-sustaining and self-sufficient, able to maintain itself against the competition of all its rivals. And I do not believe in in a Little England which shall be separated from all those to whom it would in the natural course look for support and affection, a little England which would then be dependent absolutely on the mercy of those who envy its present prosperity†¦ † The argument is delivered powerfully because the speech consistently argued from the interest of the British Empire at that time. Common Theme or Sentiment About Colonialism. The works show a common theme or sentiment about colonialism. One gets the sense, specially from Orwell and Chamberlain, that colonialism imposes certain demands on the colonizers – Orwell spells out that from the colonized, Chamberlain, that from the competitors as well. It is clear from all the works that the colonizer always thinks in terms of its own interests, while the colonized is either something foreign that resists understanding, or is eager to achieve its own independence from the colonizer. Colonialism is shown to be a period wherein it is the colonizer that acts and it is the colonized that is the receiver of that action. In all the works, we are exposed to the backwardness and poverty in which the colonized live. We are given the impression that colonialism dehumanizes both the colonized and the colonizer. These dynamics of colonialism, especially as it relates to literature, is clearly discussed in Edward W. Said’s important work, Orientalism. Commentary. I think that the themes or sentiments shared by the authors, except Chamberlain perhaps, point to arguments that are on the whole true about colonialism. There are particular features of each text that are worth highlighting: I think that Orwell, while critical of colonialism, reinforces the notion of â€Å"White man’s burden† — that the colonizer has a very important mission for the improvement of the colonized. Lessing shows how the colonizer, acting from an understanding different from that of the colonized, becomes a disrespectful, predatory presence in the life of the colonized. Nehru is too nice towards the colonize in his speech, enumerating the social effects of colonialism yet refusing to blame these on the colonizer. Chamberlain acts out from the particular interests and perspective of the colonizer. In making this paper, I realized how important it is to view things from the perspectives of various texts – more significantly, how important it is to have a general understanding (of colonialism, in this case) that locates the particular perspectives. From such a general understanding, one can make sense of the various perspectives, as well as get a general idea of how colonialism was actually experienced by those who lived through it. I appreciated the guide question, having brought out the common theme and sentiment in these texts.

Foreign and Local Literature Essay

This particular chapter presents the review of Foreign and Local Literature and Studies relevant to the present study. Related Literature Foreign Literature According to the book entitled â€Å"Call Center 100 Success Secrets† in December 6, 2007 authored by Gerard Blokdijk. The 100 Success Secrets is not about the ins and outs of the call center. Instead, it answers the top 100 questions that we are asked and those we come across in forums, our consultancy and education programs. It tells you exactly how to deal with those questions, with tips that have never before been offered in print. This book is also not about a call centers best practice and standards details. Instead it introduces everything you want to know to be successful with and in a call center. Well this book gives emphasis about the topics. The Difference Between an Advanced Call Center and A Large Call Center What Does an Appointment Setter Call Center Part Time Employee Do? Taking a Closer Look at Customer Service Offices in Call Centers The Voice of your Product or Service Get the information you need through A Data Entry Call Center Call Center Jobs Taking Chances on a Call Center Career Conquering Challenges of Call Center/Customer Service Managers Manage the Telemarketing of Products through Call Center The Qualities of an Effective Call Center Financial Services Representative Qualities of a Call Center Representative Call Center here at your Service Call Center Supervisor Manager for High Tech Companies in Austin, Texas The Need to Train a Call Center Agent Tips on How to Provide Excellent Customer Service towards an Exciting Call Center Career Call Center: An Answer To All Your Queries Standard Requirements for A Call Center Agent Applicant What is the Nature of the Job of Call Center Agents? How the Call Center Airline Industry Works The Life of A Call Center Analyst The Call Center and its Customer Service Why Choose Call Center Careers? The Call Center Conference Call Center Consultants: A Hassle Free Solution To Manage Call Center Call Center Consulting For Your Company Call Center And Customer Service: One And The Same Customer Service And Call  Center Jobs: The responsibilities Of Order Desk Supervisors That Can Lead You To Great Opportunities The Many Career Options Open To An Experienced Call Center Customer Service Rep Call Center Customer Service: Supervisor and Manager Positions The Responsibilities Of Call Center Director How Call Center Employment Keeps BPO Companies Grounded in Reality Why You Need A Call Center Furniture Call Center Jobs: How To Find One? What You Need To Know About Call Center Management The Different Types of Call Center Management Jobs The Main Responsibilities Of Call Center Managers The Operation in a Call Center Call Center Operations Manager The Operators in a Call Center Call Center Or Customer Service: What It Can Do To Your Company The Facts About Call Center Outsourcing Call Center Pricing Is Affordable The On-the-Job Duties of A Call Center Rep Call Center Representative: Frontline In Customer Service Why Call Center Sales Training is Important for New Hires The Services In a Call Center Call Center Software: A Great Tool For Call Center Management Offshore Outsourcing the Call Center Solution for Western Companies Why Call Center Solutions Are Important to Everyone Your Challenge: Being A Supervisor In A Call Center Why You Need Call Center Support The Qualities of a Call Center Vice President How to Prepare for Call Center Work at Home The Many Advantages of Establishing a Call Center Work from Home Call Center Career: Clerical, Typing And Word Processing Skills A Must! Client Services, Call Center And Customer Service: A Great Solution To Meet Consumer Needs When Is A Collection Call Center Customer Service Representative Necessary? The difference of our thesis with this book is our thesis mainly focus on the questions to be answer such Why the undergraduate people was able to get a job while the fresh graduate was havin g a problem? Why Call Centers always get sick easily, headache, fever, stress and etc? How to adapt this kind of environment? Why lot of people are resigning after a couple of the months? , also the result of our study will be serving as a guide of other people who would like to enter this kind of industry. According to the article entitled â€Å"Making the Right Calls† in March 09, 2006 authored by Tom Rieger . If a representative meets all the quality requirements but does not help the customers , the representative and the company is considered fail. Providing great customer service in a call  center is challenging. The action never stops, and managers are inundated with data. Everything a call center employee or team does is measured and monitored, from call quality to handle time to schedule adherence to unit cost. Reports are constantly sent out, and feedback sessions are frequent. Ultimately, success in a call center comes down to how well each customer service representative engages each customer. Despite continuous reporting, feedback, and monitoring, and regardless of the reams of data, many call centers struggle to improve their levels of performance, and organizational barriers often prevent improvement. By conducting a series of formal audits in nine different call centers in four different industries, Tom Rieger had identified four barriers that can substantially undermine local efforts to improve employee and customer engagement in call centers. Those are the following , No time to coach , No time to learn , Confusing the process with the result , Poor alignment and communication with other departments . Well this journal mainly focus with the barriers that can substantially undermine local efforts to improve employee and customer engagement in call centers such as team leaders have limited time to invest in their teams, such as coaching CSRs on how to create customer engagement or working to improve employee engagement. And training is useless if centers don’t give CSRs time to apply their new learning on the job. Most call centers, though, don’t allocate any time to help CSRs stay informed about changes; even when centers make time, they don’t help managers or CSRs sort to the highest priority changes. Yet CSRs are held accountable for implementing these changes, even though they often get in trouble for logging off the phones or checking e-mail to find out about them. The most important part of a customer service representative’s job is providing good customer service. But few centers enable customers to rate their experience; fewer still track the customer experience at the individual CSR level. More often, a CSR’s customer service performance is subjectively determined by someone other than his customers, using a checklist of phrases and behaviors that may not have anything to do with providing good customer service. Ultimately, â€Å"what you grade† determines â€Å"what you get.† If a CSR meets all his quality requirements but does not help the customer, the CSR and the company have failed. Too often, call center managers’ goals are unrelated to the goals of  the internal groups they support; similarly, the internal groups’ goals can be unrelated to what happens in the call center or to the customers who call. As a result, promises made at one customer touchpoint may not be fulfilled at another. It also gives emphasis that few companies use their customer service centers to channel customer opinions back to the organization. Instead, too many companies use their call centers to push multiple and often conflicting initiatives at their customers. In our thesis focus on why the undergraduates was able to get a job while the fresh graduate was having a problem? Why Call Centers always get sick easily, headache, fever, stress and etc? How to adapt with this kind of environment? Why lot of people are resigning after a couple of the months? , also th e result of our study will be serving as a guide of other people who would like to enter this kind of industry.

Article Review of Half Defense Positive Accounting Research

This report discusses research paper on the half a defense positive accounting research. Positive accounting research is the research to test the positive accounting theory. Watts and Zimmerman state that the contract between parties in different organizations leads the accounting to be emerged. The scientific research is called to be positive accounting research when the non rational elements of human behavior cause accounting. Along with this, the main aims this report is to analyze the phenomena of the accounting research. The main aim of the research paper was to analyze the positive accounting research in intellectual project in scientific research with a view to identify the cause and effect relationship in the world. The report will include the critical argument on ontology and epistemology, research methodology used in the article, hypothesis set out in the paper, and hypothesis testing with recommendation provided in the article. The main focus of the report is to identify t he cause and effect relationship in accounting. The article is focused on the review of epistemological and ontological hypothesis of the intellectual project to understand and gain insight into the deficiencies and importance of positive accounting research. This article analyzes and discusses Positive Accounting Theory. It compares two different theories positive accounting theory and normative accounting theory to identify the best one theory. It assesses the development of Positive Accounting Theory and puts in comparison with three standard account of science Lakatos, Kuhn, and Popper. This article demonstrates that rather positive Accounting Theory comprises of elements of all the three standards of science however methodological status of the Positive Accounting Theory does not fit any of three fully. Along with this, the article found that development of Positive Accounting Theory characterized normal science over the decades by Kuhn. This article aims to identify that how the current accounting research practices are below to whatever required conducting the research successfully. It also assesses two aspects epistemology and ontology of the positive research. Along with this, the article shows that Watts and Zimmerman devised a term Positive Accounting Theory for their theory of accounting. Along with this, the epistemology and ontology of the research programs of positive accounting have been examined. This paper identified that positivist research programs are very effective and powerful, however due to some deficiencies in the research practices it losing its value. This paper identified that casually development of theoretical models, dully reliance of research on the rational of hypothesis testing, no interest in the quantitative parametrical values, and analysis of qualitative data using theories exist. Different competing theories should be tested comparatively to ensure the critical qualitative research. According to this paper, the positive research in accounting is not able to attain scientific objectives of the research. However, normal science defined by Kuhn is best suited to the positive research in accounting than actual science. Apart from this, the article devised some suggestion such as better theoretical model for positive accounting research, better measurement of the theoretical models, and shifting the focus to anticipation of the parameters from testing the formed hypothesis. There are following working hypothesis made in this paper. These hypotheses are These hypotheses were developed based on the understanding and knowledge gained by the researcher from the literature review. The researcher did not assert for the hypothesis and revealed the general agreed explanation that the living being outside the world intervene in the world that causes the events in the world. In this paper, theoretical framework has been used to conduct the qualitative positive research of accounting. This paper includes theoretical framework that defines the hypothesis, data collection, hypothesis testing, how the existing theories are falsified and proved, research approach, philosophy, and other research methods and methodologies for the qualitative and quantitative positive accounting research program. The epistemology, ontology and research methods are the part of interpretive research paradigm. Positive accounting research is the testing of the positive accounting theory. According to Watts and Zimmerman, implied or express contract between parties in the different kinds of organization and the rational in their self interest may cause accounting. The positive accounting theory carries choice for managers, auditors’ decision for reporting and pricing, politicians and regulators’ decision regarding accounting standards, expert advice, and various other phenomena of accounting. Some kinds of accounting researches assess the human behavior without considering the rationality and self interest of the parties. Thus, the positive accounting research is broader than the positive accounting theory. This may be called as scientific accounting research as the non-rational elements of the human behavior cause the phenomena of accounting. Positive accounting research is just different from the accounting research. Ontology states that the knowledge developed by the contextual and social understanding of the accounting. At the same time, epistemology aspect of the interpretivist paradigm states that how does one get to know about the worldview of a person. The positive accounting research is interpretivist research pursuing some of the question such as what, why, when, and how to develop the contextual understanding of the research topic or problem. The world does not object the nature of the persons consisted of their role, practices, relationships, and conducts. The events or contract between parties may be without following any rational aspects. The self interest as recited above should comprise of the experience gained by the social actor or person and the meaning he or she gives to his or her life and acts. Both of the elements of self interest give the sense of the subjectivity but they form an objective reality during the social interaction process among parties. Due to the logical difficulties between ontological and epistemological aspects of positive accounting research, the positive research programs are futile as they aims at developing the objective understanding of the factors causing phenomena of accounting.   The ontology here has defined the reality of the social interaction between human beings and epistemology has defined that how the research can discover the meaning behind the activities and events took place. The research asks open questions rather than close ending questions to know about the viewpoints of the persons. The researcher decides about the questions to be asked from the participants. The manager controls over the research through the budgetary system. The key problem has to be identified for furthering the research process. It may be that the positive epistemology and ontology are not correct but they cannot be said illogical and absurd.   Methodology is the third element of the research paradigm. The methodology states that methods used in the research. The methodology used in the article given below: Research philosophy and research approach: The interpretivist research philosophy has been used in this paper to discover the causes of accounting phenomenon without non rational assumptions. The researcher used some questions such as what, why, when, and how regarding the relationship between positive and interpretive accounting research as that between humanity and science. At the same time, here inductive approach was used to prove the theories. Inductive approach has been used to gather the qualitative data to test the cause and effect relation between human behavior and accounting. The research design is the types of research to be used for solving the problem. The research design may be of two types such as quantitative research and qualitative research. The qualitative research has been conducted using inductive approach to gather the huge data regarding positive accounting research in organizations. The qualitative research methods include interview, narrative, observation, case study, ethnography, and others. Here the researcher has used qualitative research to test the theories. The qualitative research is used to test whether the nature of reality which is socially framed is not an insuperable issue, and is there a difficulty in observation of the corporate directors’ social world than the same of the wolf. The survey has been used to know the human behavior in the group.   Survey is the method in which the information about behavior of the human in organizations is gathered through asking some question or observation. There are some steps of the Poppers theory that should be followed while testing the theories. This process includes four steps which are The Popper’s criterion may not be falsified and disapproved because many of the assumption are decided theoretically so falsification of that prediction does not show the assumption which is actually wrong. At the same time, the testing of hypothesis by the observation is not the scientific research therefore the Popper’ criterion cannot be disproved. The observation cannot help in measuring a single theory but in case of two or more theories the observation might be selected. A decisive observation can disapprove the theories which are incorrect but at the same time it would have to support to the competing theories or theory.   The qualitative accounting research fails in solving the question whether theory of Foucault is applicable in situation of the adoption of the strategic system approach in auditing and whether the application technology of self devised by Foucault to ensure the compliance by front line auditors is an empirical question or not. The theoretical frameworks used are assertion that leads the failure of the qualitative accounting research.   The paper provided includes some recommendation for effective positive research programs. A specific vulnerable model should be utilized with carefully entering the variables in model for mathematical measurement. Analytical modeling of the theoretical models to effectively test the theoretical prediction should be. In accounting research, the researcher should develop a theoretical model accordingly that may support in collection, validation and analysis of data. The main focus of the research should be on the measurement rather than testing. The measurement supports in developing the conceptual understanding. This paper identified that gap between positive accounting research programs and requirements to make it more effective for contributing in intellectual programs. This limitation affects the significance of the article. Improper selection of the research methods leads to ineffective research and testing of the theories that leads to incorrect consequences. These limitations put impact on the quality of the article and its contribution. The scientific research hypothesis set out the researchers was not accepted by the Kuhn theory. The article focuses on the Kuhn theory which is not accepted by other most of the scientists. From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the report defined the topic of the paper, hypothesis, theoretical framework of the research elements such as ontology and epistemology, research philosophy, research approach, research design, and data collection methods. It is found that the qualitative research is not able to addressing the research question related to the positive accounting research and positive accounting theory. There is some suggestion provided for the effective positive accounting research. The critical analysis in the paper has implication on the positive accounting research programs. The analysis suggested some recommendation that may help in improving the positive accounting research. Dunmore, P. (2009) Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research. Retrieved from https://www.massey.ac.nz/~pvdunmor/HalfaDefence.pdf

The Law of Torts for Protection the Interests of the Other People Essay

The Law of Torts for Protection the Interests of the Other People - Essay Example The issue in this research is that Mark dug a certain portion of his yard to build a wall around his front garden. During the process, heavy rain disturbed him and he did not bother to cover the exposed area and a heap of rubble falls into the street. Dick is hit by some stones and is injured on his leg. On the other hand, Laura, Dick’s mother suffers a nervous breakdown after seeing Dick’s injuries. Tony who was riding his scooter down the street fell and broke his arm when hit by some rubble from the open pit. Jacque who was on the other side of the road assisted Tony after the accident and she was later infected with a rare form of blood poisoning which is caused by bacteria found in the soil. From the above scenario, it can be observed Dick, Laura, Tony, and Jacque have rights to file a lawsuit against Mark who is liable for the tort of negligence. In order for the plaintiffs in the above-mentioned scenarios to win their cases, they must prove to the courts that Mar k owed them a duty care and that duty of care has been breached. In order to prove the existence of daycare duty, some conditions should prevail as illustrated by the case of Capiro Industries vs. Dickman. These conditions include foreseeability, proximity as well as reasonability. The occupiers also owe a duty care to ensure that all people who enter their premises are not injured even the trespassers. However, duty care does not always exist hence these factors need to be taken into account. Broadly speaking, some situations are foreseeable to any reasonable person before they embark on a particular action. Â  From the above case scenario, it can be noted that Mark was not reason enough to leave the excavated area unprotected. As illustrated in the case of Hackshaw v. Shaw, occupiers have a duty care to all who pass through their places even trespassers. It can also be seen that it was foreseeable that a storm was building and Mark was not likely to complete his job on time. The element of proximity also exists where Mark excavated an area that was close to the road. As such, it is advisable that Dick, Laura, Tony, and Jacque take legal action against Mark since they can prove to the court that Mark’s actions have been negligent and have led to their injuries. Reasonable people usually do not behave the way Mark acted. Â  

Market for Corporate Control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market for Corporate Control - Essay Example These stations act as its most visible presence in the public domain. Shell Oil Company is in partnership with Saudi Aramco Company which is owned by the Saudi Arabian Government with each company having a 50% stake in Motiva enterprises. This is a marketing and refining venture which operates and owns three oil refineries in the Gulf Coast of USA. It also has an 80% share holding in Pecten which is an exploration company that drills many off shore areas including the oil basin in Douala in partnership with Elf Acquitaine that is owned by the French Government. In 1997, Texaco and Shell entered into two joint marketing and refining ventures. One of these ventures was known as Equilon which was a combination of their western and mid western operations. The second one combined gulf coast and eastern operations of Star Enterprise and Shell Oil which on its own was a joint business between Texaco and Saudi Aramco. In 2001 Shell bought Texaco’s shares in the joint partnership after Texaco combined with Chevron. However, in 2002 began converting this Texaco stations to stations with the brand name Shell. This process was completed in 2004 and is viewed as the biggest retail rebranding process in American history. Woodside petroleum Company Background Woodside Petroleum Limited is a company based in Australia that deals in the production and exploration of oil. It is a public organisation and is based in Perth. Woodside was built in 1954 and was originally known as Woodside Oil Co NL named after Woodside which is a small town in Victoria. In the beginning Woodside did business mostly in Gippsland Basin which is situated in Western Australia but in 1960 it switched its focus to North West Australia. It later on merged with Burmah oil and Shell to create the North West shelf group. Burmah was later on replaced with BHP and together with Shell held 40% of shares each in Woodside. However, in 1990 both Shell and BHP decided to reduce their shares down to 34%. In 19 94 BHP sold its remaining shares with each share being sold at $32. Shell decided to sell about 60% of its remaining shares to organizational investors, therefore, reducing its shares in the partnership to 24%. Woodside Petroleum Company has continued with development and exploration activities within Australia and has expanded its operations to other regions most notably the Gulf of Mexico. In Australia it is focusing on developing liquefied natural gas products in. It also manages the operations of the Vincent and Enfield oil fields which are located offshore Exmouth and Laminaria-Corallina oil fields in Northern Australia. In terms of management Peter Coleman is the current Chief Executive Officer at Woodside Petroleum Company. It is estimated that Woodside Petroleum Company is worth $27 million. Partnership of Shell Oil Company and Woodside Petroleum Company Woodside is in a partnership with Shell in the North West Shelf LNG joint operation in Western Australia. This is the bigg est resource project in Australia3. In 2001 shell attempted a takeover of Woodside Petroleum Company’s share in the partnership but its efforts were rejected by the Foreign Investment Review Board and Peter Costello who was the Australian Treasurer due to National interest. However, Shell still maintains a 34% of shares in Woodside and has conducted studies on the possibility of placing a new bid, but, Australian analysts do not expect any offer to go through because

Color blindness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Color blindness - Essay Example Color blindness is usually caused by genetic problem where men are more prone to this condition. There are many test developed to distinguish those color blind (Turnbull, 2011). One of the ways to test if the person is color blind is to let the person read or recognize a message consisted of dots with colors (Turnbull, 2011). According to studies, there is no cure for this type of condition. This is one thing that is very disheartening to those affected by color blindness. But the case of Virgil who suffered virtual blindness since his early childhood was a story of hope for those who are color blind. Ever since he was young, he had thick cataracts and a speculated retinitis pigmentosa. Nearing to his wedding day, Dr. Hamlin gave the 50 year old Virgil a new hope to see. When his medical history was by reviewed Dr. Hamlin, it was discovered that there was no problem with his retina since he can still see light and dark. It was only his cataracts that were said to have been destructed and the only cure was the simple cataract extraction procedure. Since there was just little surgical risk, Virgil agreed to undergo the procedure. Miraculously, after the surgery, Virgil was able to see and eventually, his vision was restored. The experience of getting the sense of sight back was not as easy as Virgil and his family expected. It was much difficult than a child getting his sight because in Virgil’s case, he was already fed with a lot of information thus there was a radical change in his neurological functioning. Virgil faced a terrible experience when he got his sight back. However, this will just be a temporary situation because after he will be able to grasp and adjust, he will be seeing like the visually gifted people. The gift of sight to Virgil was a miracle and the best gift he could ever receive for his wedding and his life. According to Kozlov (2011), it is

The Impact of using New Technology in Art Exhibitions Essay

The Impact of using New Technology in Art Exhibitions - Essay Example This is followed by a thorough analysis of the various expert viewpoints regarding several issues, such as whether online exhibition seems likely to replace traditional exhibition completely. These viewpoints are extracted from different literatures. For the artistic viewpoint, the research has used ‘Ways of Seeing’ and ‘Management and the Arts’, whereas, management books help elaborate the business viewpoint. 1. Traditional Exhibition: Scientific and technological advancement has dynamically altered the traditional exhibition industry, bringing in innovative technology into performance art, as is present in the London Design Museum. This has enhanced the ability of artistic techniques to express and generate emotion, and has also made the use of network form more efficient. Experts also write about how technological changes have affected the viewership and appreciation of the relevant art forms and their exhibitions. Technology has enabled a whole new segme nt of visitors to visit these art exhibitions and museums to appreciate the work. These audiences are those present worldwide, who can now appreciate the art by visiting online galleries of these museums (Camp, MacFadden and Mercer, 2000). Thus, the visitors are no longer limited to physical visits to the institutions. Their visits are no longer contingent on their geographical location, but simply on their passion and interest in art. Furthermore, technology has made it possible to sort out and cater to each of these virtual visitors individually, based on their educational backgrounds, ages and interests. This helps museums further achieve their goals of educating the public with the various lessons that art has to offer, and expanding their minds to further enable them to understand the depths of each piece of art. Thus, with this technological aide, museums are able to enrich the experience they provide to their visitors (Perlin 1998). Another relevant insight that the available literatures had to offer was about the â€Å"Contaminated Cultural Materials in Museum Collections† workshop that the Arizona State Museum at the University of Arizona in Tuscon held. The planning and implementation was sponsored by a NAPGRA grant, and the event took place from March 16th to 18th in 2000 (Odegaard & Sadongei, 2005). The workshop was held for representatives of the twenty one American Indian tribes in Arizona, aiming to discuss the features and quantity of chemical contamination present on tribal cultural material that the museum possesses. Following this, it aimed to explain the need for using such poisons on the materials. This was accompanied by a brief overview of the health risks, which are potentially attached with preserving and restoring a functional object in order to display to a community. Finally, the workshop aimed to circulate the clearinghouse information pertaining to medical referrals as well as toxicologists, chemical hygienists and other su ch health experts (Odegaard and Sadongei, p xi, 2005). Conclusion The workshop highlighted some important facts that need attention when museums and tribes plan to collaborate in the restoration of objects before sending them back to their place of origin. It shed light on the importance of communication in this ordeal. It is the museums responsibility to actively communicate all issue during consultations, and to keep the tribes informed during the whole process. The chances of uncovering a serious health issue of

Mastering Technology- Operations and Supply chain managment Assignment

Mastering Technology- Operations and Supply chain managment - Assignment Example Best value supply chains are designed to deliver superior services to customers in terms of the five performance objectives-quality, speed, dependability, flexibility, and cost. This paper will discuss Toyota Motor Corporation’s performance in the light of these five performance objectives and assess how the application of modern techniques in operations management can support the organisation’s five performance objectives. A brief overview of the TMC Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), simply termed as Toyota, is a Japan based multinational automaker. The organisation was founded on 28th August 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda. In 2011, Toyota was the world’s third largest automobile manufacture in terms of production and the company employed 300,734 people globally as of 2010. Toyota Motor Corporation is the part of the Toyota Group and has a presence in almost all parts of the globe. Performance objectives of TMC According to Slack et al, quality, speed, dependability, fle xibility, and cost represent a basic set of five performance objectives that can be applied to all operations (Kossmann 2006, p.45). In the following session, Toyota’s performance is discussed in the light of these five performance objectives Quality Quality is the most important performance objective because it is believed to be the major factor influencing the performance of organisations. â€Å"Quality is defined as the totality of features and characteristics of a product, process or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs† (Bart 2006, p.179). It seems that TMC performs outstandingly in terms of product/service quality. From different third-party customer surveys, Toyota’s vehicles are consistently ranked on the top. In addition, Toyota’s different car models have been selected as â€Å"the car of the year† many times by third party market researches and surveys. The company has developed a series of advanced quality features to limit the emission of unpleasant and harmful fumes and to enhance passenger safety. Toyota has improved quality control and quality assurance systems that have been developed over many years (‘Toyota’s approach to quality). The company considers customer satisfaction as the core of its operations and it fosters the involvement of all employees, from ground level to top level, in quality control activities (ibid). Speed Speed or speed of response is another performance objective and is a criterion for evaluating the operational efficiency of an organisation in terms of doing things fast. In other words, speed can be defined as the time period between the order and delivery of products/services (‘process design’). Every firm tries to minimise this time period, and instead increase speed with intent to provide customers with competitive advantages. TMC has developed simple, flexible, and robust technologies to reduce complexity in its operations s o as to fasten overall supply chain activities. It is interesting to note that the Toyota maintains a high output per worker as compared to other leading multinational automakers; and at the beginning of the 21st century, Toyota Burnaston (UK plant) had achieved an

Critical Thinking Questions - Project Management Essay

Critical Thinking Questions - Project Management - Essay Example In studying a project life cycle, one will find that the phases within a project create deliverables and these deliverables allow the project to move forward to the next step or allow the project to be terminated based on quality outcome or condition of the phase deliverable. If we consider the project life cycle, with its one or more intermediate phases, we would find that projects do share many characteristics. A project is a unique endeavor to produce a set of deliverables within clearly specified time, cost and quality constraints. It is different from standard business operational activities as well as from processes as they: 1) are unique in nature without any repetitive processes; 2) defined by a timescale; 3) have an approved budget; 4) have limited resources; 5) involves an element of risk; and, 5) achieves beneficial change. (Westland 2006, p. 2) Meanwhile, all projects, from technology to architecture, are composed of processes – the series of actions with a common, parent goal in order to create result. It is important to highlight the aspect that people perform processes. Processes within project management monitor and move the project phases along. There are two types of processes. These are the product-oriented processes, the activities that complete a project’s phase and life cycle; and, the project management processes, which are the activities that are universal to all projects. (Phillips 2003, p. 85) One of the major problems in project planning is identifying how long tasks will take and what it will cost to accomplish them. Inaccurate estimate is a major threat to a project’s success and that missed cost targets could cause trouble and recrimination in project management. The Work Breakdown Structure or WBS is the most useful tool in addressing these problems. The idea of this method is to subdivide a complicated task into smaller tasks, until one reaches a level that cannot be further subdivided. Through this

Cultural baggage and Cultural tourism by Dr Jim Butcher, an evaluation Essay Example for Free

Cultural baggage and Cultural tourism by Dr Jim Butcher, an evaluation Essay Dr Jim Butcher, the author of the article above, has researched on its various facets of tourism such as its moralization, innovations, and cultural, ethical, ecological and anthropological aspects and also as a tool for sustainable development. He has several publications to his credit (www. canterbury. ac. uk). The article under review authored by Dr Butcher appears as a book chapter in the Book â€Å"Innovations in Cultural Tourism†(2001) edited by him. Key issues of the article are the positive and potential aspects of cultural tourism which some critiques discount it as antidevelopment and prone to cause conflicts between the host and the tourist. The author is of the view that cultural tourism has its roots to the man’s craving for alien cultures and the need for relief from monotony of modernity and as such it has naturally come as a blessing to the economically backward regions. He has found three aspects of culture as a function, as a past and as a difference overshadowing the goodness of cultural tourism. The main aim of the author is to dispel the negative impression created by these aspects in the minds of the critics. The book chapter under evaluation is not in layman’s language. Even a discernible student of tourism would find it difficult to distinguish between cultural baggage and cultural tourism or relationship between the two terms. Whatever Dr Butcher says about cultural tourism has been in one aspect or another touched upon by his peers. That the cultural tourism has come of age and is capable of benefiting the economically weaker nations or places within nations and that it promotes cultural exchanges, fusion of culture, that it simply promotes or creates awareness of host’s culture and that it has been gradually making countries sans boundaries with only natural barriers by creating a feeling of oneness, have all been also discussed by other authors on the subject if one happens to visit the website of the UNESCO on cultural tourism. (unesco. org) and many others. His unique findings are that the ‘over functional culture’, its ‘past’ character and its â€Å" difference† outlook overshadow the real creative character of cultural tourism. He has taken pains to explain all the three in almost four pages out of hardly six, which is an indicator of his serious concern towards Cultural Tourism. His conclusion that cultural tourism results in economic development is indeed true. Man is basically gregarious and therefore cultural tourism with its benefits is unstoppable. The cultural tourists and the hosts are the actors and we are the audience. It means differently to each one of them. If the actors are allowed to have their own way, the inevitable result will be what the author Dr Jim concludes with, that is development. There is no doubt cultural tourism is growing segment of the travel market â€Å"Mass marketing is giving way to one-to-one marketing with travel being tailored to the interests of the individual consumer. A growing number of visitors are becoming special interest travellers who rank the arts, heritage and/or other cultural activities as one of the top five reasons for travelling†(nasaa-arts. org). It has been said that mass tourism has had its detrimental effects but there are advocates for mass tourism for its own benefits. Certain undesirable conflicts of cultures are just harmless side effects and are not to be taken seriously for the sake of larger benefits cultural tourism. On the whole Dr Jim’s contribution in this chapter leaves the reader more informed and makes him act responsibly as an audience whether as a policy maker or whoever, in order to preserve and promote the goodness of cultural tourism markedly different from mass tourism. REFERENCES Butcher, J. (ed) (2001), Innovations in Cultural Tourism, ATLAS, Tilburg http://www. canterbury. ac. uk/business-sciences/sport-science-tourism-and-leisure/staff/dr-jim-butcher. asp accessed on July 12, 2006 http://www. nasaa-arts. org accessed on July 13, 2006 http://portal. unesco. org/culture/en/ev. php-accessed on July 13, 2006

AMUL Company Introduction

AMUL Company Introduction AMUL The Taste of India, a brand so distinctively Indian has been a part of our lives for nearly five decades now and still is able to touch a chord in our hearts. As a brand AMUL has grown from being merely a differentiating factor to protect the interests of producers and consumers. AMUL inspired Operation Flood and heralded the White Revolution in India. It began with two village cooperatives and 250 liters of milk per day, nothing  but ooze compared to the flood it has become today. AMUL distributes over a million liters of milk per day, it also collects and processes various milk products, during the peak, on behalf of more than a thousand village individually owned by half a million farmer members. AMUL too has become a symbol of the aspirations of millions of farmers. AMUL sprung from the seeds sown in the black soil of CHAROTAR, an area in the KAIRA district of Gujarat, as a cooperative movement to empower the milk producers. At that time POLSON Dairy was the biggest buyer of the milk being produced in KAIRA. Polson was built on the basis of providing superior quality products to up-market consumers. However Polson’s products were not the reason that led to the rise of AMUL, it was its exploitative practices that started the cooperative revolution. For several years the KAIRA cooperative supplied milk and allied products without a formal distribution network leave alone a brand name. The name Amul was most probably suggested by a quality control expert in Anand. It was derived from †Amulya†, which in Sanskrit, Gujarati and many other Indian languages, means priceless, and implies matchless excellence. The name was short, memorable and easily pronounced. It could also serve as an acronym for the organization – the unusabl e KDCMPUL (Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producer’s Union Limited) taken from Kaira Cooperative’s full name, could be substituted by AMUL, standing for Anand Milk Union Limited. Even though AMUL products have been in use in millions of homes since 1946, the brand AMUL was registered only in 1957. SUCCESS As AMUL is recognised as the country’s largest milk producing cooperative it has tied up with global supermarket chain WALMART to sell its range of dairy products and have also tied up with Glaxo over the production of baby food in India. Amul added sweet buttermilk powder, a second brand of baby food and a high protein weaning food. It also sells its products to Nepal. Now India is looking to capture neighbourhood markets like Pakistan, Bangladesh etc. These countries import over 50,000 tonnes of milk each annually Sri Lanka is flooded with an Indonesian brand, which is said to be of an inferior quality and also costs less. These countries import tonnes of milk every year. AMUL’S Indian desserts are very well liked in countries like Singapore and Malaysia. Amul has list of products marketed to various countries few of its products are Amul butter, Amul cooking butter, Amul cheese spread, Amul pizza cheese, Amul shrikhand, Amul fresh cream, Amul fat milk, Amul pure ghe e, Amulya dairy whitener, Sagar Tea and Coffee whitener, Amul butter milk, Amul ice creams like cassata , cool candy and frostik, Amul milk chocolate and Amul Eclairs. Amul has started preparing and selling pizza slices that prominently feature generous portions of Amul cheese. Amul’s pizza slices are being sold through super markets and large departmental stores that have snack counters AMUL is considered as India’s best known local Brand across all categories. Indians prefer Dairy Ice cream rather than frozen desserts and Amul has a wide range in the dairy ice cream segment, 35% market share in the national Ice Cream market. Amul is biggest sourcing base for milk products in India, people are more comfortable buying products in the Value for Money segment and Amul is well present in this division. Amul has built up a terrifying image as a brand in which generations of customers have placed their trust, coming to pricing strategy Amul is the price warrior and currently has a very wide range of products to offer for all price points. Amul is recognized for well established distribution and delivery network for dairy products. AMUL’S success led to the creation of similar structures of milk producers in other districts of Gujarat. They drew on AMUL’S experience in project planning and finishing. This patter was not only followed in KAIRA district but also in Baroda and Surat district. In these districts, they experienced and found easy and effortless ways to adapt Amuls game plan to their respective areas. This led to the Creation of the National Dairy Development Board with the clear mandate of replicating the Anand pattern in other parts of the country. Initially the pattern was followed for the dairy sector but at a later stage oilseeds, fruit and vegetables, salt, and tree sectors also benefited from its success. Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) is Indias largest food products marketing organization. Amul is state level apex body of milk cooperatives in Gujarat which aims to provide remunerative returns to the farmers and serves the interest of consumers by providing quality products. It has been awarded a Trading House status has received the APEDA Award from Government of India for Excellence in Dairy Product Exports for the last 8 years. Amul is in a position to manage these assets to effectively command the market leaders position in the emerging fresh dairy products market because of its milk processing capacity. Amul has always been a model to which other cooperatives have looked up as an example and inspiration as well as one from which many have benefited. Success in Distribution: The major development on the distribution front was the development and alignment of four distribution highways-those of Fresh Products, Chilled Products, Frozen Products and Ambient Products. This is a significant achievement because it allows them to develop synergies among all product lines and to leverage these highways to introduce and distribute new products as per market demand. No other organization in India has been able to develop this kind of channel synergy so far FAILURE Advertising is an important role for the product to be sold in the market, as Amul advertising has low profile so by this other competitors were benefited. The competitor products have been very well received by consumers due to their advertising pitch Example: Kwality, Vijaya, Nestle. Retailers list a credible Replacement policy as a factor very high on their wish list. They would be willing to make further investments only for that brand which offers replacement facilities. Amul has no replacement policy. Quality control was the major problem that confronted the cooperatives. Farmers were paid every 10 days due to this though he delivered milk the farmer was not sure about the quality of milk. The milk which has to be tested was stored in plastic bottles and was tested after milk collection process was completely done this leaded to contamination and handling of corrosive chemicals and also by using various types of glassware added to the cost and time taken to test the quality of milk. CONCLUSION AMUL has risen from Indian soil and it remains Indian in every sense. With roots well established in the domestic market Amul is all set to fight in the global arena. With the commitment it has shown in the past it will not be too long when Amul emerges a winner on all fronts.There is ample scope in the low priced segment as also in other categories where consumers presently are dissatisfied with the quantity being provided vis a vis the price being charged. Delhi market is not restricted to monopoly outlets. There are a significant number of retailers who are currently stocking more than two brands. So Amul can overcome it as earlier it had to overcome this problem in the Mumbai market. Kwality Walls is right now in an investment mode and is concentrating on expanding the market as also its reach. Amul should direct its resources towards cashing in on Walls market development. Amul has the opportunity to capture the more evolved young adults and children who are open to new products provided they meet their expectations. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.amul.com/ http://www.indiadairy.com/ http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN019011.pdf http://www.ilri.org/InfoServ/Webpub/Fulldocs/South_South/theme4_2.htm

Women in Arizona Politics Essay -- Females Arizona Political Science E

Women in Arizona Politics Women in Arizona politics have come a long way during the twentieth century. At the beginning of the century, women were just fighting for the right to vote with the suffrage movement. As we approach the dawn of a new century, women in Arizona hold five of the top offices in the state, including Governor Jane Hull. Throughout this chronological discussion, I will be continually drawing on three major points. First, the accomplishments of many women who have made an impact in Arizona politics. Second, the political offices being sought and won by women showed steady increases. Third, the number of women seeking political offices showed steady increases. These will be my three main methods in showing that Arizona women made significant progress in the political arena during the twentieth century. I. The Fight For Suffrage To understand the progress made by women in the 1900’s, one must understand that the suffrage movement was an ongoing struggle from the time Arizona was granted territorial status in 1863. Josephine Hughes was a principal figure in the new Arizona women’s suffrage movement. Ms. Hughes resigned her position as president of Arizona’s Women’s Christian Temperance Union in order to establish the first Arizona Suffrage Association. Even though women’s suffrage didn’t garner enough votes during the first Constitutional Convention in 1891, Josephine Hughes laid the tracks for other women to follow, and is considered a pioneer in the Arizona women’s suffrage movement (Kelly 7). Women’s fight for suffrage in Arizona continued in 1910 with the second Constitutional Convention. The National American Women’s Suffrage Association sent organizers and money in... .... However, I feel that the best way to measure the political progress of Arizona women during the twentieth century can be summed up in the following four words, from suffrage to Governor. Think about that for a second. When the century began, women in Arizona were just fighting for the basic right to vote. As we close out the twentieth century, a woman is governing the entire state of Arizona. To call this progress anything less than tremendous would be the understatement of the century. Works Cited Kelly, Rita Mae. Women And the Arizona Political Process. Maryland: University Press of America, Inc., 1988. Simpson, Claudette. "Frances Munds and Arizona's History of Suffrage." Charlotte Hall Museum. March 22, 1998. April 6, 1999. <http://www.prescottaz.com/pdc/dayarc/32298.htm> <http://www.governor.state.az.us/news/indexbio.html>

Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century Essay -- Exploratory

Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century During the twentieth century, there were many people, some well known and others not so well known, who contributed to society in one way or another. When determining which one of these people was the biggest contributor to society during the twentieth century, and, therefore, the person of the twentieth century, their lives as a whole should be taken into consideration. In addition to contributing much to society in various ways, the best candidate for person of the century should also have had struggles and experiences that they overcame or went through and from which they learned. Winston Churchill is the person who contributed the most to society during the twentieth century and made it what it is today. Throughout his life, like other good candidates for person of the century, Winston Churchill had many struggles and experiences that he overcame and from which he learned. One of these major struggles had to do with his family, or more specifically, his parents. Winston was born into a rich and famous family of England. Both his father, Lord Randolph Churchill, and his mother, Lady Randolph Churchill (Jennie Jerome), were well known throughout England. Lord Randolph was a well-known member of Parliament and, because of his popularity, his wife was also well known. Like other well-known people at the time, Winston’s parents were often busy with political and social meetings and didn’t have time to care for him. Mrs. Everest, a nurse/nanny to Winston and his brother, Jack, took care of him as he grew up. As one author writes, â€Å"It was to her [Mrs. Everest] that Winston turned when in need, and he always remembered her with affection† (Bailey 8). It wasn’ t that Winston was... ...h birthday, he died. People from all over the world paid tribute to him for all he had done for society (Bailey 60-63). Sir Winston Churchill fits the perfect description for man of the century. He used the abilities and qualities to not only lead England (and the other Allies) in a defeat against Hitler, but also prevent civilization from becoming to a more evil civilization, tainted with the evil of Hitler. Bibliography Bailey, Eva. Churchill. East Sussex: Wayland Publishers Limited, 1981. â€Å"Famous Quotes & Stories of Winston Churchill.† (Online). Available http://www.winstonchurchill.org/bonmots.htm, May 12, 2001. Microsoft Corporation. â€Å"Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer.† 2000. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. CD-ROM. Sandys, Celia. The Young Churchill: The Early Years of Winston Churchill. United States of America: Dutton, 1995. Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century Essay -- Exploratory Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century During the twentieth century, there were many people, some well known and others not so well known, who contributed to society in one way or another. When determining which one of these people was the biggest contributor to society during the twentieth century, and, therefore, the person of the twentieth century, their lives as a whole should be taken into consideration. In addition to contributing much to society in various ways, the best candidate for person of the century should also have had struggles and experiences that they overcame or went through and from which they learned. Winston Churchill is the person who contributed the most to society during the twentieth century and made it what it is today. Throughout his life, like other good candidates for person of the century, Winston Churchill had many struggles and experiences that he overcame and from which he learned. One of these major struggles had to do with his family, or more specifically, his parents. Winston was born into a rich and famous family of England. Both his father, Lord Randolph Churchill, and his mother, Lady Randolph Churchill (Jennie Jerome), were well known throughout England. Lord Randolph was a well-known member of Parliament and, because of his popularity, his wife was also well known. Like other well-known people at the time, Winston’s parents were often busy with political and social meetings and didn’t have time to care for him. Mrs. Everest, a nurse/nanny to Winston and his brother, Jack, took care of him as he grew up. As one author writes, â€Å"It was to her [Mrs. Everest] that Winston turned when in need, and he always remembered her with affection† (Bailey 8). It wasn’ t that Winston was... ...h birthday, he died. People from all over the world paid tribute to him for all he had done for society (Bailey 60-63). Sir Winston Churchill fits the perfect description for man of the century. He used the abilities and qualities to not only lead England (and the other Allies) in a defeat against Hitler, but also prevent civilization from becoming to a more evil civilization, tainted with the evil of Hitler. Bibliography Bailey, Eva. Churchill. East Sussex: Wayland Publishers Limited, 1981. â€Å"Famous Quotes & Stories of Winston Churchill.† (Online). Available http://www.winstonchurchill.org/bonmots.htm, May 12, 2001. Microsoft Corporation. â€Å"Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer.† 2000. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. CD-ROM. Sandys, Celia. The Young Churchill: The Early Years of Winston Churchill. United States of America: Dutton, 1995.

Hero Essay -- essays research papers

As a person grows so do the things they hold dear to themselves and the things they look up to. Heroes take many forms when we are children, from the comic book superhero to the imaginary friend. As we grow from children to young adults our heroes change to those more tangible, movie stars or athletes. When we reach adulthood, the definition of hero becomes clear and our heroes become those that we love and can look up to. It took me a while to realize it but my hero is an 83 year old woman. In 1986, at the ripe age of 6, I was given the news that a big storm was coming. As a child the news of a big storm frightened me, I was paralyzed by the fear of being struck by lightning. The sky became unsettled, a shade of gray that left even the brightest spirit longing. The rains came hard and fast, the thunder and lightning along with it. Shortly after the wind began to pick up. I had seen The Wizard of Oz and became extremely worried that our entire apartment building would be ripped from the foundation and taken to some far off world. At the pinnacle of the storm there was a knock at the door. Of course I didn’t hear the knock because it’s hard to hear when you have your ears plugged so as to avoid the thunder. It was Auntie Lou, everyones favorite babysitter. With rain cap on her head and umbrella in hand, she had braved the storm to come visit my sister and I. With a joyful look on her face Lou asks if anyone wanted to go for a walk. Had anyone els...

A statement of purpose (essay) for the LL.M. Comparative Law program in the University of Miami

A career in law has long been my greatest dream. I believe part of it was inspired by the movie characters of smart, educated lawyers who can break through the legal caveats to prove the innocence of a guileless victim.The other part came from my fascination with the intricacies of law and complicated logic involved in legal decisions and choices. Today, looking back upon my education and experience, I feel that I am ready to face the challenges of the profession and legal education.The LL.M. Comparative Law program in the University of Miami seems to be the best match for my intentions and plans. Reliance on comparison of legal systems in different nations targeted at a diverse student body will help me leverage my expertise in various aspects of Russian law.Simultaneously, I will be able to benefit from learning about other nations’ legislation, communicating with students from all over the world. The international character of the program is a great advantage for someone wh o, like me, plans to become a top professional of the global calibre. An extensive alumni network scattered all over the globe will provide me with networking opportunities and help establish contacts that often form the foundation of a legal career.The small size of the student body involved in the LL.M. Comparative Law program gives me hope to build long-term relationships with my colleagues, and a wide range of international programs supported by the University of Miami School of Law will also be useful to help establish a wide range of connections.I hope to turn my time at the University of Miami into a memorable experience filled with intense study, but also with strong extracurricular work that would widen my horizons and scope of experience. Having been active in different university pursuits in Russia, I hope to contribute to the existing student groups and clubs and possible create new ones.The variety of courses and wide scope of their content will help me attain the desir ed result: customize my education to fit my specific goals. I plan to focus on international law during my studies. At the time, this area is most promising in my home country and would broaden my scope of choices, enabling me to qualify for an appropriate job in Moscow or anywhere else in the world.Whatever my destination can be, I hope to obtain a position with a respectable, well-established law firm that would equip me with a practical foundation to support my theoretical expertise. From then on, I hope to build my career through successful work and growing professionalism, aspiring to become partner in the firm where I will be employed.Thus, I hope that my enrolment in the LL.M. Comparative Law program in the University of Miami will deliver the results that meet my aspirations. It will expand my knowledge base dramatically, raise my expertise in various domains of law, and make me the type of professional that can represent interests of clients on an international level.I hope that this educational effort will open to me the new world of international law, helping me make a greater contribution to the field and in particular development of law in my country. Russia still has to go a long way to bring its laws in line with international standards, and I believe that in my career activities I can contribute to this process. Building long-term relationships with other students and broadening my social network will also be helpful on my way toward professional success.

Child & Young Person Development

0-3 yearsNewborn babies will have next to no control over their own bodies. Very small movements such as sucking and grasping these are all dependent on a series of reflexes; they do these in order to survive. By the end of their first year they would of gain more advanced mobility.Gross motor skills- for using their larger muscles to being into the sitting position without any assistance. And more fine motor skills- for using much smaller muscles like fingers and toes to being able to pass objects from hand to hand.In their second year babies/toddlers will still continue to development stronger muscles and continue to grow quickly. By this age they might be able walk and they will have more control on these movements and maybe able to feed themselves. They will have much enjoyment in playing games and toys such as playing ball, climbing on furniture or on the stairs. By the third year they might be able to dress themselves maybe with little assistance from others. And for fine motor skills with holding and drawing with pencils and pens. Also by this age they should have full ability for feeding themselves. As they continue to grow to grow so does their confidence as well.3-7 yearsBy this age children would of already started school and therefore will be able to show many different co-ordinated movements. Still be growing as a small person in confidence as a result. They should be improving skills already acquired so far but they will learn to have more control on fine motor skills such as using scissors for cutting and a pen for writing. As they continue to develop their gross motor skills will be more refined in more active activities such as running, playing sports and with use of larger equipment.7-12 years By this age group children will still continue to grow and train them skills. And now should have interest and hobbies, in which they will enjoy doing them. They will start to become more experienced in some areas a great example of this could be playing a particular sport such as football or even dance. In these activities much finer movement might be needed and this will be required for playing an musical instrument. As from this early age girls just might have started some signs of puberty, but boys usually start this later on.12-16 years This is when boys usually start puberty where girls will have now to have regular periods. There might be a large variety in height and strength. Boys will tenders to be taller than most girls on average.16-19 years This is when young people are now classed as young adults. Most girls would of now reached physical movement. Where on the other hand boys will still grow and change into their mid 20s.Communication and intellectual development Children will learn and develop at different stages. Language is a link to learning. They pick things up from their own experiences and from opportunities that they might be given from a very early age. Both communication and intellectual development can be s eem from certain tasks, and then will show own strengths and abilities by those tasks. People will have many different ideas/ways about the learning development of the way children learn. 0-3 yearsThere have been many studies shown, that in cases children who have been neglected from an early age; who don’t spend time with adults to those who have time spending time with adults. Those children who have been neglected will find it hard to learn skills and won’t have effective communication in later life. Even though babies are unable to grasp what is being said to them.They will listen and will enjoy songs and dance movement. By the end  of their first year children will start to communicate through odd words then will start to put one and two words together. As they develop so will their vocabulary will increase quite quickly, to on average most children at this age of two will know about 200 words. When they reach 2-3 years old they will still make errors with in th e correct grammar when speaking.3-7 yearsAs children start nurseries and schools as they become more social, they will gain a wider range of encounters, by this they will start to increase the number of parses that are well known and expressing. As they develop more they will start to ask a lot of questions such as â€Å"why† and â€Å"what†. Talking in past and further tenses will become easier and will be spoken with more confidence. And will look for approval from adults when starting a task.7-12 years By this age children will become fluent speakers on their main language(s). Their reading and writing abilities will become more developed. They will start to deliberate ideas they may have. They will start to show learning in more abstract terms. They will start to grasp information and will start in a more intellectual way.12-18 years By this age children would be starting or already started high school and will know what they like and dislike, favourite or least fa vourite subjects at school. And more interest will be shown in these liked subjects and activities and therefore be more absorbed in these. By this age children will be getting ready to select their chosen GCSE’s and A’ levels they would like to accomplish. If young adults lack confidence this maybe with the way it is being truant. Every young adult will feel the need to belong and feel good with what they doing and within them.16-19 years This is the time that most young adults will be leaving education and will start thinking about careers or university. And from them subjects they have chosen what qualifications they have gained. In these areas of interest,  strength will still carry on to develop as they move on.Social, emotional and behavioural development To become confided independent adults, as children we learn and develop from watching and relating to others. By being social from an early age we then learn the rights and wrongs and what is normal for accept able behaviour. In order to develop they will need to feel safe and in a secure setting environment to develop into a confided strong minded adult who advises their best ability.0-3 years As from every early age babies will gain a strong bond or attachment to which they spread most time with e.g. parent or carers. Though this social development as time goes by they will want to start to do for themselves and though disturbance will or may have tantrums of some kind.3-7years Children will still continue to find their identities. They will adore starting to play with others and with using imaginative play they will then be able to socialise. It is vital that they learn boundaries and grade lines, and why they are there. Children will still long for adult approval when given responsibility.7-12years Children will start to gain long term friends and come to be more settled in these relationships. They will be able to accomplished many forms of different activities and learn to solve pro blems. As they gain more experience they will still need to be reassurance and will quickly learn to be aware of what others think of them. All children should be given plenty of praise and encouragement to help them find themselves and nurture.12-16years As children become into young adults there will be a lot of change inside and out, with various different signs of maturity and may become vulnerable. Therefore children will still need adult guidance from many ways. Even  though they are will spending more time with other peeps; they will show some signs of childish behaviour. This age group will find themselves under pressure or stress of growing up, doing well in exams at school and what will or might be expected from them. They therefore might be unaware on how to behave in different circumstances that might occur.16-19years As they leave education and entre adulthood they will require guidance from others. As they start to entre careers and jobs thy will have none or very li ttle experience. This will influence on their emotional development and will have a knock on effect to the way they interact with others. And therefore adults should understand to their needs.1.2 From a child having an ability or disability to do something can have an effect on their development as a whole. A child’s development could be slip into groups, but they interlink with one another. If a child doesn’t develop well in a subject or an area it can affect many different ones. For example if a child is overweight not only can disrupt with their physical development, it could also have a huge impact on their social and emotional. If other peers tease them about either being overweight or by not being able to do some actives, it could make them less social with making friends. Then the child could find it humiliating, embarrassing and become self-conscious and this will affect their emotional side by low self-esteem. But if a child is talented at something it could a lso affect motions of development.Physical development Social, emotional and behavioural development – Fine motor skill & hand-eye coordination – sharing mealtimes with one another – taking turnsCOOKINGCommunication and intellectual development Measuring quantities Deciding on appropriate menus Using language to describe foods Learning how food and nutrition affect growth and health Sitting down to eat together and conversing with one another2. Understand the kinds of influences that affect children and young people’s development2.1 There are many different influences that could effect on a child’s development. These developments are subjective by a range of factors such as their backgrounds, their health and their environment. All these influences will have impact on different areas.Pupils’ background and family environment Many families will go through change within a child’s time at school these may be due to arrange of different e nvironment within family life different cultures and circumstances and school maybe unaware of any changes. These may be a loss of a family member, illness, moving house or even moving to a new country. Anyone of these could have a huge impact on a child’s life by their emotional development and might have a knock on effect on their intellectual development, then this could change a child’s behaviour and to learn as a factor.Pupils Health It is important that adults to be aware of any health problems that arise. If a child/young adult suffers from poor health or as a disability or impairment. This may restrict their development opportunities. A great example is if a child is overweight due to a medical conditions might be less able to take part in some activities. This may start to affect their physical development; this will then affect social activities. The knock on effect to again emotional will also be impacted. So with adults well aware they should be aware of co nditions & circumstances and that the right amount of support can be given.Poverty and deprivation These are likely to have a extreme influence on a child’s development, it’s proven that if a child comes from a deprived background; they are less likely to achieve well in school. They might find it hard due to lack of opportunities due to parents finding it too hard to manage their needs. By this it will have a turn on impacting on all areas of their development, or lack of it, by this the child will respond differently to situations than others.Personal choices As children turn in to young adults they will start to make their own choices on life, friendships and activities and so on. They will need advice and support from adults to enable then to make the right choices that are right for them.Looked after/ care status If a child is in care, this will have an impact on their development in many different ways. Each child should be monitored closely for any change by hav ing regular meetings. This is too able to meet their needs of that child. And to make sure they are making expected levels of progress. For where any concerns that arise they can be addressed straight away.Education Children learn at different stages; but some children may start school without any previous education. Alternatively that child may come from home schooling environment or maybe just a different way of schooling altogether. Therefore the way o child could be taught can be very well different. So as a result that child may need some extra support till they have settled in.2.2 Anyone who works with or raises children, they need to have a solid understanding of a child development and what makes that child tick. As it is very important to know what is normal for that child and what’s not. By looking out for any problems, we will be able to offer the care and support  needed to get that child back on track. For example, if a child is suffering from a break up in the family; it can be very stressful for that child and this could have an influence on their development as they could become very upset, lash out, could stop eating or could stop talking altogether.It is at most importance that the child feels they’re not at fault. There is certain problem that arises that needs to be disclosed with the school so that safety, integrity and respect on how the issue might impact on the child. In effect is to be proactive to let the child’s teacher know the following problems can stave off more severe issues, that including behaviour problems, poor grades or having difficulty to adjust to the situation the child’s family will be facing. The teacher should inform the child’s parents/carers of any concerns they feel they might have. The sooner the parents are aware the easier it will be to step in and help given any additional support that may be needed.3. Understand the potential effects of transitions on children and young pe ople’s development.3.1 Most children/ young adults may experience transitions. This may be long or short term. Transitions is known as a significant stage or experience in the life this could have an effect on their behaviour and development. Some children go through transitions when starting school for the first time or changing from one school to another, moving house can also have an impact on the child, in that they will have to make new friends. Many children make these transitions without prior personal experience. This can seem appear to them as a daunting list of ‘firsts’. For example a child’s first day at nursery or school; first night away from mum and dad etc. All these could affect the different areas of development.3.2 Sometimes transition can happen that can’t be prepared for, and it is important that the school have polices and carry out the right procedure for dealing in these seduction. If there isn’t a procedure to follow t hat it can be quite different to deal with. Sometimes it can be over looked when the  school is informed of any changes; but if we notice any changes within a child who is behaving uncharacteristically it is important that others are informed. Bereavement can have a huge impact on a child, Even if it is expected. Again the right procedure needs to be followed. Parental separation is likely to happen to a child at the school.And we will need to be sensitive when speaking to parents about this and the effects its having on the child. If a new member is being introduced, or if the amount of contact with a parent changes, this can also have a big impact on the child. Again sensually is required again when speaking about this matter. New siblings – this can found to be difficult to cope with. Emotional and behavioural development can change due to vying for parental attention, maybe for the first time.Moving house – a child can find moving house to an unknown school or ar ea to be very upsetting. It is likely that additional support should be given to help settle them. Change of carer – if a child that as moved a number of times this could again be upsetting and the child can become unsettled if they have a change of a career. The school should have both support and advice needed from social services. They both will need to work closely to help support that child. Illness or injury – we need to come to term with it and any changes in circumstances, even though these could be their own or loved one.3.3 It would be great if any advance notice could be given if a child/ group will be going through a transition so that the right opportunity to support them when or how needed. Some find it important to talk to people about their feeling during these periods by having positive relationships available. A child or group of children that are going through a transition may experience different ways. This may be:Become attention seeking Show signs of uncharacteristic behaviour Be very anxious Become quite and withdrawn If a child doesn’t receive any support other development could also be affected; by social and their emotional development. Children could find some transitions potentially traumatic.

Benefits of Program Evaluation to Decision

Program evaluation refers to the systematic process of gathering data and putting them all together in order to generate an overall assessment of a program, policy or project needed in decision-making. It provides a list of the strengths and weaknesses used in assessing the efficiency of a program. Both profit and non-profit organizations depend on program evaluation as a tool in gauging the performance of their projects. Often ignored in the process of program implementation, program evaluation is, in fact, necessary in providing constructive information for the improvement of an organization.In an evaluation, the data analyzed serve as guide for decision-makers on how well a program or project is operating. This answers questions regarding the effectiveness of the program to the implementer and beneficiaries, the attainment of the program goals and objectives, and the options for future improvement (McNamara, 2002). Evaluation of the internal and external factors affecting the oper ation of the program aims to provide credible, objective, and pertinent conclusions to decision-makers.Internal evaluation, covering all levels of an organization, requires the participation the program staff and stakeholders in the assessment of the program operation. External evaluation, on the other hand, takes account of the changing conditions outside of the organization that may have an influence to the performance of a program (Freeman, 2006). Findings of a program evaluation would serve as ground for the betterment of a project and the organization, as well.This would also serve as basis for the maintenance of existing program policies and construction of more cost and time-efficient operations. Moreover, evaluation can serve as basis for other organizations in carrying out analogous plans. References: Freeman, B. (2006). The Importance of Program Evaluation. from http://501cweb. wordpress. com/2006/12/30/the-importance-of-program-evaluation/ McNamara, C. (2002). A Basic Gui de to Program Evaluation [Electronic Version], from http://www. tgci. com/magazine/A%20Basic%20Guide%20to%20Program%20Evaluation. pdf

Mcdonald’s Environmental Factors

McDonald’s: A Giant Marketing Success Story in APA style (your name) (your school) McDonald’s 2 Abstract When it comes to marketing a business domestically and globally, a lot of environmental factors come into play. These can involve finances of a foreign country, customs, culture, and trends. McDonald’s has been a worldwide corporate success, and much of this success has been due to their marketing decisions. Here, we will find out what exactly McDonald’s has done to beat the competition and grow as a company worldwide.McDonald’s 3 Worldwide, Ronald McDonald is one of the most recognizable characters to this day. The first McDonalds opened in 1937 (Colonel 66, 2003). In just a little over seventy years, McDonalds has become one of the biggest corporations in the world. This success did not happen overnight. McDonalds has made great decisions in marketing and advertising over the years. There are many factors that contribute to global and domestic marketing, and McDonalds has seemed to tackle each and every one.When McDonalds first launched, the two McDonald brothers had to decide how to market their product. The environment and culture of the United States during the 50’s were becoming more and more fast-paced. People wanted quality food for a good price and in a timely manner. The McDonald brothers then came to the idea of using the new technology of assembly lines in order to make quick hamburgers (Wikipedia, 2008). Soon, word of mouth spread the popularity of cheaper hamburgers and faster service compared to traditional diners.During the beginning of the McDonalds legacy, the United States was booming with new technology and a faster-paced lifestyle, and McDonalds learned how to incorporate this with their marketing. Soon after, in 1955, Ray Kroc took interest in the McDonald restaurant and established the McDonald’s System, Inc (Wikipedia, 2008). This served as the legal structure for the entrepreneurâ€⠄¢s planned franchises. It wasn’t long before the McDonald brothers sold their business rights to Ray Kroc.Although the brothers may have founded the idea of assembly line burgers and fries, Ray Kroc had the marketing plans to take McDonalds into the global direction. McDonald’s 4 As the baby boom began, and families seemed to revolve around the busy lifestyle of work and taking care of children, Ray Kroc decided to market McDonalds to children. It’s not surprising that after the Great Depression subsided, family became the focal point in the American environment. Marketers of McDonalds were smart to hire Willard Scott, formerly known as Bozo the Clown, to play the role of Ronald McDonald (Wikipedia, 2008).The idea of Ronald McDonald stuck, and a few years later, the whole family of McDonaldland was developed. These characters enticed children, and after the hard times America endured, American parents wanted to make their children happy. It is no wonder McDonal ds became a nationwide success. After becoming a phenomenon in the United States, McDonalds had to deal with global marketing and different environments and cultures in foreign countries in order to grow. When expanding to another nation, a company must have a deep knowledge of the needs of potential customers.Culture and custom plays a big role in marketing for any company, and McDonalds has achieved success despite many environmental factors in different nations. In India, many people are vegetarians due to religious beliefs. This may seem like a dead-end to a fast-food restaurant that specializes in hamburgers, but McDonalds developed the â€Å"Maharaja McBurger,† in Indian stores. This is a burger made from assorted vegetables and mayonnaise prepared without eggs (Associated Content, 2005). In addition, McDonalds has promoted various items throughout the world to celebrateMcDonald’s 5 foreignevents. For instance, in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, McDonald s sells a â€Å"Prosperity Burger† during the Chinese new-year (Associated Content, 2005). In addition to culture, financial situations in different countries also affect the way McDonalds operates. It would be impossible to have a set value for a Big Mac worldwide. Instead, McDonalds compares prices to local competitors in order to set their prices. This makes McDonalds infamous burgers affordable to most everybody in a variety of different nations.Technology has also played a big role in the global market for McDonalds. China’s first drive thru opened in December of 2005 by McDonalds. This new dining experience excited the Chinese as well as confused them. It took a strong team to teach employees how to conduct traffic through the drive thru (McDonalds Corporation, 2005). The success of McDonalds is greatly impacted by staying up to date with technology and equipment in all of their stores. While marketing in terms of profit, a company must also look into social and ethic behaviors.It’s not enough to provide a great product if the customers do not approve the methods of production. This has been a huge factor for McDonalds. One of the biggest social issues tied to McDonalds in the United States is obesity. According to Michael Russell (2006) over 60 million people are obese. McDonalds has been a target of concern for unhealthy eating habits. As a result, marketing turned away from the traditional core products of McDonalds: the hamburgers, shakes, and fries. Instead, McDonalds has focused attention on new, healthier products such as salads and fresh fruit.This healthful concern McDonald’s 6 even spreads over to the United Kingdom. Shiv Singh (2008) reports that McDonalds has launched a new national advertising campaign. These advertisements show parents that only healthy, high quality ingredients are used in Happy Meals. It’s clear that the marketing giant McDonalds is staying on consumer trends in all nations. To conclude, McDonalds has shown a successful path in marketing. Their decisions have been based on local culture and environment, and it’s shown that McDonalds has a deep understanding for the concept of environmental marketing.By treating each location as a local focal point, McDonalds has succeeded in becoming the global corporation that it is today. McDonald’s 7 References Associated Content (2005, March 3). McDonald’s Strategic Marketing Mix. Associated Content, Inc. Retrievedon July 30th 2008 from http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/263943/mcdonalds_strategic_marketing_mix. html? cat=4 McDonalds Press Release (2005, December 10). First McDonalds Drive-Thru Opens InChina. McDonalds, Inc Retrieved on July 30th, 2008 fromhttp://www. mcdonalds. com/corp/news/corppr/2005/cpr_12102005. tml Russel, Michael. (2006, May 21). Obesity in the United States. Ezine Articles. Retrieved on July 30th, 2008 from http://ezinearticles. com/? Obesity-In-The-United-States;id=202439 Singh, Shiv. (2008, July 1). McDonalds and Social Influence Marketing. Going Social Now. Retrieved on July 30th, 2008 from http://www. shivsingh. com/goingsocial/2008/07/heres-another-example-of-socia. html Wikipedia. (2008, July 1). History of McDonalds. Wikipedia, Inc. Retrieved on July 30th, 2008 from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_McDonald's

Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Culture - Essay Example ricans maintain extended families that are not just limited to the blood relatives, but also extend beyond them to include distant relatives and friends whether or not they are blood related. â€Å"Family is the most important value that unifies the Latino community† (old.diocesephoenix.org, n.d., p. 6). The Hispanic American families include sponsors and godparents that love the children like their own even when they are actually not. The Hispanic American families believe in male supremacy. Men earn bread for the family while women are expected to stay at home and look after the children and the husband. Women are expected to submit themselves to their men. Men prefer not to let the women work, though the trend is changing and many Hispanic American women have entered the workforce, which has challenged the machismo of men and is the fundamental cause of distress in many families. The Hispanic American families give a lot of importance to the individualistic rights of each family member. Every individual is deemed worthy and important. Elders in the Hispanic American families are respected by the younger ones. The young seek advice from the elders. Every family member is given the right to have individualized close personal relationships. Communication in the Hispanic American families is governed by the concept of respecto. During communication, men and elders are prioritized over women and children. There are well-defined rules for members of both genders which they follow during communication. Hispanic Americans do not accept anger and aggression while communicating with one another. They deem it disrespectful to disagree over matters. It becomes problematic for them to agree over certain issues that they disagree with, but still they do not express negative emotions. Before this assignment, there were certain stereotypes about the Hispanic American culture in my mind that have changed now. For example, I did not know that the Hispanic Americans believe in

Agile software development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Agile software development - Assignment Example On the other hand, agile software development methodology is a software development process that is aimed at developing a software application quickly and allowing for late changes. In addition, CMMI heavily relies on documentation and everything is properly documented when CMMI is being adopted. However, agile software development approach relies on minimum documentation because its focus is on the development. Though, both agile and CMMI have their advantages and disadvantages and the research has shown that if they are implemented effectively, they can work jointly and can play a significant role in the improvement of software development. In fact, principles and practices offered by the agile software development approach ensures critical, long-standing process improvement, hence making it a perfect partner of the CMMI model, which provides an excellent structure of an organization-wide, effectively trained nonstop optimization and improvement. Hence, it can be said that there is no incompatibility between CMMI and agile. In fact, the mixture of both CMMI and Agile complete each other’s capabilities as well as can lead to quick, reasonable, observable, and the continuing benefits (Ropa, 2014; Glazer, 2010). In view of the fact that in the agile software development the programming starts immediately and the testing phase remains active throughout the programming. In this scenario, the software testers have to perform a variety of testing techniques again and again. So the automation of these tests becomes essential. In fact, agile development cannot be successful without automating its testing phase. However, the decision about which tests need to be automated is taken while planning for a given user story. At this stage, testers and developers work collaboratively to determine where automation can be used to activate acceptance/signal completion of the story. Without a doubt, automated testing is really a precondition to becoming a truthfully agile